Collaboration networks refer to networks of individuals, organizations, or institutions that work together on a common goal, project, or research endeavor. These networks can include collaborations between researchers from different disciplines, industries, or countries, as well as partnerships between academia and industry. Collaboration networks can help to facilitate knowledge sharing, resource pooling, and innovation, and are often seen as a way to address complex problems that require multidisciplinary expertise. Researchers in this area study the structure, dynamics, and impact of collaboration networks, as well as the factors that facilitate or hinder successful collaboration.